Pedagogical Principles in Moral Literature

Innovation is the best tool for the creator to express what he sees, hears and feels in his life. The innovative creator sets up delicious characters and expresses his own experiences and events he has seen and heard. In earlier times, the lives of the upper caste people were considered as literature in Tamil. As a new wave, the lives of the underprivileged people are also being recorded. Morality is the guiding stone for every human born in this world. Morality is one of the most essential human traits. It can be seen that the authority of morals is explained in Thirukkural by Poiya Lingiyar to the respectable observer of morals

SECURE ROUTE DISCOVERY FOR DYNAMIC SOURCE ROUTING IN MANETs

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are collections of wireless mobile devices with restricted broadcast range and resources and no fixed infrastructure. Communication is achieved by communicating data along suitable routes that are dynamically discovered and maintained through association between the nodes. Discovery of such routes is a major task both from good organization and security points of view. Recently a security model tailored to the specific requirements of MANETs. A novel route discovery algorithm called endairA is also proposed together with a claimed security proof within the same model. In this paper we show the security proof for the route discovery algorithm endairA is malfunctioning and moreover this algorithm is vulnerable to a hidden channel attack. We also analyze the security framework that is used for route discovery and argue the compos ability is an essential feature for ubiquitous applications. We conclude by discussing some of the major security challenges for route discovery in MANETs

On the simplest (2+1) dimensional integrable spin systems and their equivalent nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations

Using a moving space curve formalism, geometrical as well as gauge equivalence between a (2+1) dimensional spin equation (M-I equation) and the (2+1) dimensional nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (NLSE) originally discovered by Calogero, discussed then by Zakharov and recently rederived by Strachan, have been estabilished. A compatible set of three linear equations are obtained and integrals of motion are discussed. Through stereographic projection, the M-I equation has been bilinearized and different types of solutions such as line and curved solitons, breaking solitons, induced dromions, and domain wall type solutions are presented. Breaking soliton solutions of (2+1) dimensional NLSE have also been reported. Generalizations of the above spin equation are discussed.Comment: 32 pages, no figures, accepted for publication in J. Math. Phy

CLUSTER HEAD ELECTION MECHANISM-BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC (CHEF) WITH TDMA IN WSN

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are being used for huge range of applications where the traditional infrastructure based network is mostly infeasible. The most challenging aspect of WSN is that they are energy resource-constrained and that energy cannot be replenish. the wireless sensor network of power limited sensing devices called sensor deployed in a region to sense various types physical information from the environment, when these sensors sense and transmit data to other sensors present in the network, even the cluster head is elected according to check their residual energy considerable amount of energy will drain automatically to overcome this drawback by considering the protocol a fuzzy logic approach is used to elect the cluster head based on three descriptors-energy, centrality & distance and second CH is elected according to TDMA to overcome the data lost during energy drain occur in the CH .NS-2 simulation shows that proposed protocol provides higher energy efficiency. This paper proposes the mechanism or device is capable of utilizing its own system of control simply called as self-configurable clustering mechanism to detect the disordered CHs and replace them with other nodes. And results have been derived from simulator ns-2 to show the better performance

TAXONOMIC CHARACTERIZATION, ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF RARE ACTINOBACTERIUM ISOLATED FROM MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM OF MACHILIPATNAM, ANDHRAPRADESH, INDIA

Objective: The objective of the present study is to isolate, characterize the potent actinomycete strain from mangrove habitats of South coast of Andhra Pradesh (Machilipatnam), India. Methods: The samples collected from mangrove niches were pretreated with calcium carbonate, diluted, Plated on Starch casein agar, Humic acid vitamin agar and yeast extract malt extract dextrose (YMD) agar media to isolate actinomycetes. The three selective media were supplemented with clotrimazole (25 μg/mL) and streptomycin (25 μg/mL) to inhibit the growth of fungi and bacteria. Results: A total of ten actinobacterial strains were isolated and designated as VLCH-1 to VLCH-10. All of them were screened and evaluated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Among them, one strain VLCH-6 was found to be potent as it exhibited high antimicrobial potential and it was identified as Pseudonocardia parietis VLCH-6 through polyphasic taxonomy (GenBank accession number: MZ951166). The growth profile of the strain was studied by culturing it in YMD broth. The culture broth extracted with ethyl acetate was tested for antimicrobial assay and found to be active against Escherichia coli, Xanthomonas campestris and Aspergillus niger. The antioxidant potential of the strain VLCH-6 was evaluated by 2,2- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. In the screening, the culture extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity against DPPH free radicals. Conclusion: Over all, it was evident from the present study that mangrove habitats of Machilipatnam serve as a good source for potent actinomycetes possessing broad spectrum of antimicrobial and antioxidant metabolites

A Cross Layer Model to Support QoS for Multimedia Applications on Wireless Networks

Supporting multimedia application over wireless networks poses multiple challenges. Currently the use of cross layer architectures and Scalable Video Coding ( ) techniques are considered to support multimedia applications. The current architectures fail to address the tradeoff that exists between the end to end delay and the Quality of Service ( ) provisioning of the video data to be delivered. To address this issue this paper introduces the improvement scheme in video transmission model based on a cross layer architecture. A novel encoding of the SVC video is considered in the proposed model. Based on the physical layer conditions and the achievable the model adapts to meet the stringent delay requirements of video delivery. Routing layer optimization is achieved by accounting for the pending packets queues in every neighboring node. The experimental study conducted prove the robustness of the proposed model by comparing with the existing schemes. Comparisons in terms of the transmission error rates, system utility and quality of reconstruction are presented

Localized coherent structures of Ishimori equation I through Hirota's bilinearization method: time dependent/stationary boundaries

Ishimori equation is a (2 + 1) dimensional generalization of the (1 + 1) dimensional integrable classical continuous Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin equation. The richness of the coherent structures admitted by Ishimori equation I such as dromion, lump and rationally-exponentially localized solutions, have been demonstrated in the literature through ∂- technique and binary Darboux transformation method. To our knowledge Hirota's method had been adopted to construct only the vortex solutions of Ishimori equation II. For the first time, the various types of localized coherent structures mentioned above have been constructed in this paper for the Ishimori equation I using the Hirota's direct method. In particular we have brought out the significance of boundaries and arbitrary functions in generating all these types of localized structures and proved that the absence of such boundaries leads only to line soliton solutions

KNOWLEDGE ON HYPOGLYCEMIA AMONG PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS.

 Objective: The objective of the study is to assess the level of knowledge on hypoglycemia among patients with diabetes mellitus in the rural community. Hypoglycemia is an acute complication of diabetes mellitus. The recognition of hypoglycemia and immediate treatment of hypoglycemia should be known by all the diabetic patients so that treatment of hypoglycemia may not be delayed, need for hospitalization could be avoided, and life-threatening complications due to hypoglycemia may be prevented.Methods: A cross-sectional research design was adopted with 60 samples who met the inclusion criteria in the rural community in India. Structured interview method was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics.Result: Of 60 samples, 38 (63.33%) had inadequate knowledge, 12 (20%) of them had moderately adequate knowledge, and 10 (16.67%) of them had adequate knowledge. There is a significant association between the age and type of treatment at the level of p<0.05 with the level of knowledge on hypoglycemia.Conclusion: The study findings emphasized that majority of the patients with diabetes mellitus do not have the knowledge on hypoglycemia. The health-care professional has an important role in educating diabetics on hypoglycemia so that hypoglycemic episodes and morbidity could be reduced or prevented